Mekhoa ea sechaba ea metsi a nooang e sebelisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho hloekisa metsi ho fa sechaba sa bona metsi a nooang a bolokehileng. Litsamaiso tsa metsi a sechaba hangata li sebelisa letoto la mehato ea ho hloekisa metsi, ho kenyelletsa le coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration le disinfection.
Mehato e 4 ea Phekolo ea Metsi ea Sechaba
Ka ho kopanya, lik'hemik'hale tse nang le thepa e ntle tse kang aluminium sulphate, polyaluminium chloride kapa ferric sulphate li kenngoa metsing ho fokotsa liqoso tse mpe tse tšoaroang ke lintho tse tiileng, ho kenyelletsa le litšila, letsopa le likaroloana tsa tlhaho tse qhibilihisitsoeng. Ka mor'a ho fokotsa tefiso, likaroloana tse nyenyane tse nyenyane tse bitsoang microflocs li thehoa ho tloha ho tlamahaneng ha likaroloana tse nyenyane ka lik'hemik'hale tse ekelitsoeng.
Ka mor'a ho kopana, motsoako o bonolo o tsejoang e le flocculation o etsahala, o etsa hore microflocs e thulane 'me e tlamahane ho theha likaroloana tse bonahalang tse emisitsoeng. Likaroloana tsena, tse bitsoang li-flocs, li tsoela pele ho eketseha ka boholo ka ho kopanya ho eketsehileng le ho fihla boholo le matla a lekaneng, ho li lokisetsa mohato o latelang ts'ebetsong.
Mokhahlelo oa bobeli o etsahala ha taba e emisitsoeng le likokoana-hloko li lula ka tlas'a setshelo. Ha metsi a ntse a lutse nako e telele a sa khathatsoa, lintho tse tiileng li tla inehela ho matla a khoheli ebe li oela fatše ka setshelo. Coagulation e etsa hore ts'ebetso ea sedimentation e atlehe hobane e etsa hore likaroloana li be kholoanyane le ho ba boima, ho etsa hore li tebe ka potlako. Bakeng sa phepelo ea metsi sechabeng, ts'ebetso ea sedimentation e tlameha ho etsahala khafetsa le libakeng tse kholo tsa sedimentation. Kopo ena e bonolo, e theko e tlase ke mohato o hlokahalang pele ho kalafo pele ho methati ea ho sefa le ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.
3. Tlhophiso
Nakong ena, likaroloana tsa floc li lutse ka tlase ho phepelo ea metsi 'me metsi a hlakileng a se a loketse phekolo e eketsehileng. Ho hloekisa hoa hlokahala ka lebaka la likaroloana tse nyenyane, tse qhibilihisitsoeng tse ntseng li le teng metsing a hloekileng, tse kenyelletsang lerōle, likokoana-hloko, lik'hemik'hale, likokoana-hloko le libaktheria.
Ha a sefa, metsi a feta ka har'a likaroloana tsa 'mele tse fapaneng ka boholo le sebopeho. Lintho tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo li kenyelletsa lehlabathe, lehlohlojane le mashala. Ho sefa lehlabathe butle ho 'nile ha sebelisoa lilemo tse fetang 150, ka tlaleho e atlehileng ea ho tlosa libaktheria tse bakang mathata a mala. Ho sefa lehlabathe butle ho kopanya ts'ebetso ea baeloji, ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale ka mohato o le mong. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho hloekisa lehlabathe ka potlako ke mohato oa tlhoekiso ea 'mele feela. E rarahane ebile e rarahane, e sebelisoa linaheng tse tsoetseng pele tse nang le mehloli e lekaneng ea ho phekola metsi a mangata. Ho hloekisa lehlabathe ka potlako ke mokhoa o theko e boima haholo ha o bapisoa le likhetho tse ling, tse hlokang lipompo tse sebelisoang ka matla, ho hloekisa kamehla, ho laola phallo, mosebetsi o nang le tsebo, le matla a tsoelang pele.
Mokhahlelo oa ho qetela oa ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa metsi sechabeng o kenyelletsa ho kenyelletsa sebolaea likokoana-hloko joalo ka chlorine kapa chloramine phepelong ea metsi. Chlorine esale e sebelisoa ho tloha bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-1800. Mofuta oa chlorine o sebelisoang ho phekola metsi ke monochloramine. Sena se fapane le mofuta o ka senyang boleng ba moea o ka hare ho pota-pota matamo a ho sesa. Phello e ka sehloohong ea ts'ebetso ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko ke ho oxidize le ho felisa lintho tse phelang, tse thibelang ho ata ha likokoana-hloko, likokoana-hloko le libaktheria tse ka 'nang tsa sala ka metsing a nooang. Ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ho boetse ho thusa ho sireletsa metsi likokoana-hlokong tseo a ka 'nang a pepesetsoa ho tsona nakong ea ha a ajoa ha a ntse a fetisetsoa malapeng, likolong, likhoebong le libakeng tse ling.
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Nako ea poso: Jun-06-2022