Phekolo ea likokoana-hloko ea likhoerekhoere ke ho beha palo e kholo ea likokoana-hloko tse sebetsang hantle ka har'a likhoerekhoere, e leng se khothalletsang ho thehoa ka potlako ha tikoloho e leka-lekaneng 'meleng oa metsi ka boeona, moo ho se nang li-decomposers feela, bahlahisi le bareki.Lintho tse silafatsang li ka phekoloa le ho sebelisoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng haholoanyane, 'me ka hona ho ka etsoa litsamaiso tse ngata tsa lijo, ho theha tsamaiso ea lijo e tšelang mathata.Sistimi e ntle le e tsitsitseng ea ho leka-lekana ea tikoloho e ka theoa haeba palo e nepahetseng le likarolelano tsa matla li bolokoa lipakeng tsa maemo a trophic.Ha palo e itseng ea likhoerekhoere e kena tikolohong ena, lintho tse silafatsang tse ho eona ha li fokotsehe feela le ho hloekisoa ke libaktheria le li-fungus, empa lihlahisoa tsa ho qetela tsa ho senyeha ha tsona, metsoako e meng ea inorganic, e sebelisoa e le mehloli ea carbon, mehloli ea naetrojene le mehloli ea phosphorus, 'me matla a letsatsi a sebelisoa e le mohloli oa pele oa matla., kenya letsoho ts'ebetsong ea metabolic ho websaete ea lijo, 'me butle-butle e falle' me e fetohe ho tloha boemong bo tlaase ba trophic ho ea boemong bo phahameng ba trophic, 'me qetellong e fetohe lijalo tsa metsing, litlhapi, li-shrimp, mussels, likhantsi, matata le lihlahisoa tse ling tse tsoetseng pele tsa bophelo, le ka batho. e tsoelang pele Nka le ho eketsa mehato ea ho boloka botsitso bo phethahetseng ba tikoloho ea 'mele oa metsi, ho eketsa botle le tlhaho ea sebaka sa metsi, le ho finyella sepheo sa ho thibela le ho laola eutrophication ea 'mele oa metsi.
1. Phekolo ea likokoana-hloko ea likhoerekhoerehaholo-holo tlosa litšila manyolo (BOD, COD dintho) ka boemo colloidal le qhibiliha ka likhoerekhoere, 'me sekhahla ho tloswa ka fihla ho feta 90%, e le hore lintho tse silafatsang manyolo ka kopana le maemo a ho qhala.
(1) BOD (tlhokeho ea oksijene ea biochemical), e leng "tlhokeho ea oksijene ea biochemical" kapa "tlhokeho ea oksijene ea bioloji", ke sesupo se sa tobang sa litaba tsa lintho tse phelang metsing.Ka kakaretso e bua ka karolo ea lintho tse phelang tse nang le oxidizable habonolo tse 1L ea likhoerekhoere kapa sampole ea metsi e lokelang ho lekoa.Ha likokoana-hloko li oxidize le ho li senya, oksijene e qhibilihisitsoeng ka metsing e sebelisoa ka limiligrama (yuniti ke mg/L).Maemo a tekanyo ea BOD hangata a hlalosoa ho 20 °C bakeng sa matsatsi le masiu a 5, kahoo letšoao la BOD5 le sebelisoa hangata.
(2) COD (tlhokeho ea oksijene ea lik'hemik'hale) ke tlhoko ea oksijene ea lik'hemik'hale, e leng sesupo se bonolo se sa tobang sa litaba tsa lintho tse phelang metsing.(yuniti ke mg/L).Li-oxidants tsa lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisoang hangata ke K2Cr2O7 kapa KMnO4.Har'a bona, K2Cr2O7 e sebelisoa hangata, 'me COD e lekantsoeng e emeloa ke "COD Cr".
2. Phekolo ea likokoana-hloko Metsi a likhoerekhoere a ka aroloa ka mokhoa oa phekolo ea aerobic le tsamaiso ea phekolo ea anaerobic ho ea ka boemo ba oksijene ts'ebetsong ea phekolo.
1. Tsamaiso ea phekolo ea aerobic
Tlas'a maemo a aerobic, likokoana-hloko li hlahisa lintho tse phelang tikolohong, li oxidize le ho li senya hore e be lintho tse sa tloaelehang, li hloekisa likhoerekhoere, 'me li kopanya lintho tsa cellular ka nako e le' ngoe.Ts'ebetsong ea tlhoekiso ea likhoerekhoere, likokoana-hloko li teng ka mokhoa oa sludge e kentsoeng le likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa biofilm.
Mokhoa ona ke mokhoa oa phekolo ea likokoana-hloko ka biofilm e le 'mele o ka sehloohong oa tlhoekiso.Biofilm ke lera la mucous le khomaretsoeng holim'a sejari 'me haholo-holo le thehoa ke likokoana-hloko tsa baktheria.Mosebetsi oa biofilm o ts'oana le oa seretse se kentsoeng ts'ebetsong ea sludge, 'me sebopeho sa eona sa likokoana-hloko le sona se tšoana.Molao-motheo o ka sehloohong oa tlhoekiso ea likhoerekhoere ke adsorption le oxidative decomposition ea lintho tse phelang ka likhoerekhoere ka biofilm e khomaretsoeng holim'a mojari.Ho ea ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho ikopanya pakeng tsa seaplane le metsi, mokhoa oa biofilm o kenyelletsa mokhoa oa ho fetola baeloji le mokhoa oa tora ea bioloji.
3. Sistimi ea kalafo ea anaerobic
Tlas'a maemo a anoxic, mokhoa oa ho sebelisa libaktheria tsa anaerobic (ho kenyeletsoa libaktheria tsa anaerobic tse facultative) ho senya litšila tsa tlhaho ka har'a likhoerekhoere o boetse o bitsoa tšilo ea lijo ea anaerobic kapa ho belisoa ha anaerobic.Kaha sehlahisoa sa ho belisoa se hlahisa methane, se boetse se bitsoa methane fermentation.Mokhoa ona o ke ke oa felisa tšilafalo ea tikoloho feela, empa hape o hlahisa bio-energy, kahoo batho ba ela hloko haholo.Anaerobic fermentation ea likhoerekhoere ke tikoloho e rarahaneng haholo, e kenyelletsang mefuta e fapaneng ea lihlopha tsa baktheria, se seng le se seng se hloka likarolo tse fapaneng le maemo, ho theha tikoloho e rarahaneng.Ho belisoa ha methane ho kenyelletsa mekhahlelo e meraro: mokhahlelo oa ho qhibiliha, tlhahiso ea haedrojene le sethala sa tlhahiso ea asiti ea acetic le sethala sa tlhahiso ea methane.
Tlhokomelo ea likhoerekhoere e ka aroloa ka kalafo ea mantlha, ea bobeli le ea thuto e phahameng ho latela tekanyo ea kalafo.
Kalafo ea motheo: E tlosa haholo-holo litšila tse tiileng tse emisitsoeng ka har'a likhoerekhoere, 'me mekhoa e mengata ea phekolo ea' mele e ka phethahatsa litlhoko tsa phekolo ea mantlha feela.Ka mor'a phekolo ea mantlha ea likhoerekhoere, BOD e ka tlosoa ka kakaretso ka hoo e ka bang 30%, e sa finyelle maemo a ho ntša metsi.Kalafo ea mantlha ke ea pele ho ts'ebetso ea kalafo ea bobeli.
Ts'ebetso ea mantlha ea kalafo ke: likhoerekhoere tse tala tse fetileng ka marang-rang a mahoashe li phahamisoa ke pompo ea phahamiso ea likhoerekhoere - e fetisitsoe ka gridi kapa sefe - ebe e kena ka kamoreng ea grit - likhoerekhoere tse arohaneng le lehlabathe le metsi li kena ka har'a sedimentation ea mantlha. tanka, tse ka holimo ke: Primary processing (ke hore physical processing).Mosebetsi oa kamore ea grit ke ho tlosa likaroloana tsa inorganic tse nang le matla a khoheli a khethehileng.Likamore tse sebelisoang hangata ke li-advection grit chambers, li-aerated grit chambers, li-Dole grit chambers le li-bell-type grit chambers.
Phekolo ea bobeli: Haholo-holo e tlosa litšila tsa colloidal le tse qhibilihisitsoeng (BOD, COD substances) ka har'a likhoerekhoere, 'me sekhahla sa ho tlosa se ka fihla ho feta 90%, e le hore lintho tse silafatsang tsa tlhaho li ka finyella litekanyetso tsa ho ntša metsi.
Mokhoa oa bobeli oa phekolo ke: metsi a phallang ho tsoa tanka ea sedimentation e ka sehloohong a kena ka thepa ea phekolo ea likokoana-hloko, ho kenyelletsa le mokhoa oa sludge o kentsoeng le mokhoa oa biofilm, (mochine o sebetsang oa mokhoa oa sludge o kentsoeng o kenyelletsa tanka ea aeration, foro ea oxidation, joalo-joalo. Mokhoa oa biofilm o kenyelletsa Tanka ea sefahla sa baeloji, mokhoa oa ho fetola oxidation oa bioloji le bethe e nang le metsi a baeloji), metsi a phallang ho tsoa sesebelisoa sa bioloji a kena ka tanka ea sedimentation ea bobeli, 'me metsi a tsoang ka tanka ea bobeli ea sedimentation a ntšoa ka mor'a hore ho bolaoe likokoana-hloko kapa ho kena kalafong ea thuto e phahameng.
Phekolo ea maemo a holimo: haholo-holo e sebetsana le lintho tse refractory organic matter, inorganic matters tse kang nitrogen le phosphorus tse ka etellang pele.
eutrophication ea 'mele oa metsi.Mekhoa e sebelisitsoeng e kenyelletsa bioloji denitrification le ho tlosa phosphorus, coagulation sedimentation, mokhoa oa sekhahla sa lehlabathe, mokhoa oa activated carbon adsorption, mokhoa oa phapanyetsano ea ion le mokhoa oa ho hlahloba electroosmosis.
Ts'ebetso ea kalafo ea thuto e phahameng e tjena: karolo ea seretse se ka tankeng ea sedimentation ea bobeli e khutlisetsoa tanka ea sedimentation ea mantlha kapa lisebelisoa tsa kalafo ea baeloji, 'me karolo ea seretse e kena ka tanka e teteaneng ea seretse, ebe e kena ka tanka ea tšilo ea seretse.Ka mor'a lisebelisoa tsa ho ntša metsi le ho omisa, seretse se qetella se sebelisoa.
Ebang ke moreki e mocha kapa moreki oa khale, re lumela ho moralo o khethehileng oa libaktheria tse senyang ammonia bakeng sa kalafo ea metsi China, katoloso ea moemeli oa libaktheria tsa aerobic le kamano e tšepahalang, re amohela bareki ba bacha le ba khale ho ikopanya le rona ka mohala oa thekeng. kapa romella lengolo-tsoibila ho re botsa ho theha mekhatlo ea nako e telele ea khoebo le katleho e arolelanoang.
Phekolo ea Lik'hemik'hale ea Metsi a litšilaMoralo o Khethehileng oa Libaktheria tsa China, Moemeli oa Phekolo ea Metsi a Baktheria, joalo ka basebetsi ba rutehileng, ba ncha le ba mafolofolo, re 'nile ra laola likarolo tsohle tsa lipatlisiso, moralo, tlhahiso, thekiso le kabo.Ka ho etsa lipatlisiso le ho nts'etsapele mahlale a macha, ha re latele feela empa re etella pele indasteri ea feshene.Re mamela ka hloko maikutlo a bareki le ho fana ka puisano hang-hang.Hang-hang u tla utloa tsebo ea rona le tšebeletso e hlokolosi.
Nako ea poso: Jun-11-2022